Community Corrections and Women Essays - , Term Papers

Community Corrections and Women How community corrections deal with female offenders Abstract Over time female offenders have been dealt with in models that do not conform to the ethics and morals of the society. Basically, most correction centers have initiated plans that do not augur well with the demands of most female offenders. These barbaric methods of handling female offenders have prompted many female rights groups to initiate plans to sanitize the correction system to conform to the special female interests of female offenders. It is through these grievances that the correction department finally bowed to the demands and introduced community correction plans. These plans are aimed at ensuring that female offenders are integrated in community plans. This paper, therefore, seeks to examine and analyze the ways in which community members in Canada deal with female offenders. The paper seeks to use various correctional programs by the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) to bring out the aspect of female corrections in relation to the community. Keywords: female offenders, community corrections, the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) Introduction In the interest of safety of the public, the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) moves towards the successful use community rehabilitation of female offenders under its prerogative and is guided by legislation, by CSCs plans, and its national policy structure. Essential principles expressed in the current policy, the CSC Review Panel (2007) and CSCs primaries mention fundamental justice and fairness, enhancing offender accountability, shared responsibility, respect for any individuals dignity and worth, privacy and diversity, as well as other key concepts needed in consolidating community corrections, which mainly apply to the community rehabilitation of all offenders, especially females. Women offenders often have unique and special needs that have to be considered in formulating the most efficient response to their rehabilitation requirements. The need for a gender-informed methodology is written down in both legislation and CSCs Mission, and has been often reinforced in various correctional analyses and reports. Notably, the following three factors need to be looked into in coming up with the best measures to promote a woman offender's efficacious transition through the community: the diverse profile of female offenders; their relatively little numbers; and their environmental dispersion upon being released. A national strategic method to the rehabilitation of female offenders is essential in ensuring that this relatively trivial but increasing population, spread across several communities, is not sidelined and that their special risks and needs are effectively and consistently addressed. This approach will call for contributions at entire levels, will be inter-jurisdictional in structure and will include governmental, external stakeholders and other non-governmental organizations. The National Community Strategy for Women Offenders (2002) created a framework for the methodologies that need to be taken in relation to female offenders upon being released into the community. Basically, following an exclusive consultation process, it has been updated and reviewed so as to reflect various recent developments, planned legislative amendments and changes in Corrections and Conditional Release Act (CCRA) as well as improvements in the reintegration of female offenders. The altered strategy persists in providing a guideline for several community staff to aid them in addressing the special challenges that are posed by women offenders as they support the continuum of care model, which consists of the incorporation between institutional and community situation management. The current planned and proposed legislative amendments, especially with respect to improving offender responsibility engagement, accountability, motivation and establishing the control of offenders and their rehabilitation, if endorsed, will have an effect both institutionally in the corrections department and in the community. Recent research (Gobeil, 2008) shows that a great proportion of female offenders who successfully worked in their transition to the community realized a positive connection with their Parole Officer as a major factor in securing their release. Since there can be a complication of issues with female offenders, the merit of building strong relationships and initiating an awareness of procedures with relevant community agencies need to be considered. One of the factors that were researched to be used in dealing with women offenders is empowerment. The research analyzed how Women acquire insight into their problems, understand their strengths, and are given support and challenged to take the best action to acquire control of their lives. This procedure acknowledges and makes women offenders

Words that Go Together with Fashion

Words that Go Together with Fashion Words that usually go together are known as collocations. Learning collocations will help expand your vocabulary especially when using English for Specific Purposes. This lesson uses the word fashion as an example of how you can use collocations to improve your English. Youll find a list of expressions used with fashion, a short story and example sentences to help you begin using these words to practice speaking about fashion. Heres a short introduction about fashion to begin: All the Latest Fashions The world of fashion is fascinating. Of course, theres all the latest fashions which can range from weird looking contemporary fashion, to popular fashions that you can find in all the shopping malls. One thing thats true about fashion is that it things come into fashion as quickly as they fall out of fashion. To be a fashionista, you better be able to keep up with the latest fashions coming out of Paris, New York and Milan.   Some people like to hold onto things that come back into fashion. Its certainly cheaper in the long run, but it will take quite a while for the fashion cycle to turn! Personally, I dont even try to follow fashions as Im too old for that sort of thing. However, I enjoy watching my daughter follow fashions and even set fashions amongst her friends.   New Fashions contemporary  currentlatestmodernpopular Im amazed at some of the contemporary fashion.  Current fashion focuses on very young adults.Youll spend a huge amount of money if you buy the latest fashions.Im surprised by some modern fashions.  Popular fashions dont need to be followed by those in their fifties. Verbs: Becoming Fashionable be in fashioncome into fashionbecome fashionableset fashionsstart fashionskeep up with fashionfollow fashionswear fashions Whats in fashion this year is different than last year.When did those shorts come into fashion?What do you think it will take for me to become fashionable?Beautiful young women and men often set fashions without knowing it.I try to keep up with fashion, but its breaking my bank account!Jennifer follows fashion by buying all the glamour magazines.Im afraid I cant afford to wear the latest fashions. Verbs: Going out of Fashion fall out of fashionbe out of fashiongo out of fashion Those jeans feel out of fashion ten years ago.Big sunglasses have definitely gone out of fashion.She likes to wear clothes that are out of fashion. I guess shes rebelling. Verbs: Fashion Cycles - Returning into Fashion come back into fashionbe back in fashion   Those skirts have come back into fashion this season. Im wearing my moms from thirty years ago!Did you know hats are back in fashion? Places to See Fashion fashion showsfashion shootsfashion magazinesfashion spreads in magazinesfashion runways Fashion shows are held in major cities around the world.The magazine is having a fashion shoot in Hawaii.Fashion magazines which feature fashion spreads weigh a ton!Youll see glamourous models on fashion runways.Have you ever been to a fashion show? The Business of Fashion fashion businessfashion industryfashion marketfashion tradefashion retailerfashion boutique / store / shopfashion designfashion photography Fashion business is big money, dont doubt it!The fashion industry is one of the hardest to break into.  The fashion market is very quick to change directions.He works in the fashion trade designing mens suits.Fashion retailers provide models for aspiring actresses.You can buy those jeans in your local fashion boutique.Beautiful fashion design depends on understanding the details.Good fashion photography can make all the difference in setting a trend. Fashion Businesses fashion brandsfashion companiesfashion houses  fashion labelsfashion lines Fashion brands are more important than well made clothing.Fashion companies drive billions in sales every year.Fashion houses from Europe set the trends by dressing stars in spectacular gowns.Fashion labels increase the price of any piece of clothing by more than 30 percent.Fashion lines are created by individual fashion designers. People in Fashion fashion editor  fashion designerfashion photographerfashion stylistfashion maven A fashion editor makes the final decision on whether a model will be presented in a magazine.A fashion designer is responsible for creating new clothing designs.Youll need a good fashion photographer to become successful with your designs.A fashion stylist is almost as important as a fashionable dress.The fashion maven decides what will become fashionable. FInally, learn how to use a collocation dictionary to build your own keyword lists. Teachers can learn more about using collocations on this lesson on using chunking to build vocabulary skills with set phrase.

Strategic Management and Strategic Competitiveness Essay - 3

Strategic Management and Strategic Competitiveness - Essay Example Internet and telecommunications infrastructure are the major contributors of globalization as people from different can easily connect and interact. This global interconnection increases job opportunities, ideas and competitiveness in equal measure. In its expansion process, Disney targeted those countries whereby people were greatly aware of the company and the services it offered. Another strategic consideration was the stability of the economy and the disposable income, which the citizens of that country used on leisure. Trade policies, political and microeconomics stability also played a huge role in determining whether Disney opened a branch in that country. Globalization has led to the increase of the companies’ market and this has forced it to open many branches to cater for the high demand of its services. The company has opened up branches in UK, Spain, Italy, France, Japan and US. This new branches have led to the increase of the total revenue generated. In 2004, the company made a gross income of $2.5 billion (Krasniewicz & Disney, 2010). The emergence of new technology has led to the introduction of video editing software and 3D, which has led to the efficient production of the films. Global recession negatively affected the company. The Disney parks and resorts would suffer during winter as the rate of people going there reduced significantly. This led to the falling of its revenue resulting in a financial crisis. The company has been forced to increase its entrance ticket fee to counter with the reduced number of visitors. Industrial organization and resource based model impact on above-average returns The corporation needs to come up with measure that would help it get returns, which are above average. This would help ensure that it is not operating at a loss and that it can be able to sustain its operations. The resource-based model deals with how the corporation could use its internal resources to its advantage and avoid extra costs (Mon tgomery, 1995). The resources include the capital invested, the corporation’s workers, brand name and the patents. Once the corporation has identified its resources, the next step to take is to compare it with its competitors. This would help in identifying the area that the corporation is lagging behind and needs to improve on. The study would also help enable the company identify its unique resources as this gave them a competitive edge over their competitors. This competitive edge would make them reduce certain costs and thus maintain above average returns. The industrial organization approach is the examining of the relation of the boundary of the firm and the market it is operating on. It is hard to examine the market by mere observation and the corporation creates a situation that is similar to a perfect competition market. This makes the firm operate on limited information and assumes that there are many barriers hindering entry into the market. This would make the fir m gather information about the market as new entrant and in the process of doing this it identifies the measures it can take to enter the market. The research helps the firm identify its strengths and weaknesses and in the process, it can avoid overhead costs and losses. This overview is

Web Site Evaluation Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Web Site Evaluation Paper - Essay Example The essay "Web Site Evaluation Paper" discovers the evaluation of Forbes website. The website defines the credentials of the author by showing that he was part of the Great Premium Content Experiment at AOL as a media columnist for the business website Daily Finance. As such, he has authority and credibility to author this web page. Moreover, the introductory materials reveal that the author was motivated to publish this information on the web. In fact, the author claims that he would be bored if things were not different which means he is motivated to publish this information on the web. Ultimately, the website provides the contact information of the author by offering his email address, his twitter account, and his Google account, which means that the audience can respond to his works and interact with him freely. The website’s purpose to inform, explain, or persuade is very clear. The title of the website reflects a clear opinion that the website seeks to pass to the target audience. The title, â€Å"Larry Page: Google Should Be Thinking Bigger with Its R&D† reflects a clear purpose to inform, and persuade the audience. Indeed, the site is explicit, as the title leaves no room for confusion or doubt about the author’s point of view. In fact, the website starts by introducing the author’s points of concern, which are some of the blue-sky products that Google is developing now. The website indicates clearly that the author has an affiliation with a specific organization by asserting that Jeff Bercovici is Forbes. staff. It goes ahead to give the organization’s domain as part of the author’s contact information by giving his email as jbercovici@forbes.com (Bercovici 1). Most of all, the website does not indicate its specific audience since it claims the author covers media, business, entertainment, and technology. We can establish that the topic covered by the website is very clear since it is explicit. However, part of the audience might not know what the initials R&D mean in this context and hence some ambiguity. The website equally uses an easy language to present the relevant information discussing the topic and thus its clarity and effectiveness. Notably, the site exhibits suitable depth and comprehensiveness to fulfill its purpose. To this effect, the website uses relevant information, presents the inner and crucial details of the company in reference, quotes the views of relevant business leaders (Bercovici 1), and integrates all pieces of information to support the author’s view. Indeed, the information presented by the website clearly supports the opinion of the author. It uses historical evidence like when it quotes the example of Google’s massive success in mobile (Bercovici 1). It also quotes the actual words of Google CEO, Larry Page who sought to persuade investors on the viability of the current project. The website clearly states the sources of information and we can indeed ascertain that the information is original. This is because the author uses direct quotes to state what

Introduce ZED buildings principles and its Philosophy in relation to Essay

Introduce ZED buildings principles and its Philosophy in relation to Energy efficiency policy,why ZED is becoming one of the mos - Essay Example Efforts have been made in order for the negative effects of building projects on the natural environment to be minimized – for example, the update of existing British legislation on wildlife and the adoption of Kyoto Protocol by a series of countries worldwide (The Telegraph 2010). The ZED building philosophy is the major initiative of this type. The specific framework has been primarily promoted by organizations operating in the private sector – reference is made to ZED Factory, a firm focusing on the expansion of ZED building philosophy in building projects across Britain. However, the ZED building principles – as analytically explained by ZED Factory – could be easily adopted by firms of the construction industry; this effort would have more chances to succeed if the relevant principles were gradually adopted – for instance, through the incorporation, primarily, of energy saving schemes, a fact highlighted in the BedZED (eco-village) scheme (BedZ ED, Eco-Community, 2011). Moreover, the support of the state would increase the effectiveness of ZED building principles on existing building projects; this initiative could be developed worldwide – using the theoretical and practical framework suggested by ZED Factory, as explained throughout the paper. The examination of the existing status and performance of ZED building philosophy has led to the conclusion that the specific framework would be quite effective for limiting the negative effects of construction projects on the environment; moreover, its principles are rather easy to be understood and incorporated – being related with the existing energy efficiency schemes as promoted both by individuals and the state. 2. ZED buildings principles and philosophy – description The ZED building philosophy has many different aspects; however, its priority remains the increase of energy efficiency of buildings. Through the years, ZED philosophy has been developed in o rder to meet the advanced requirements of modern buildings – as these requirements have been affected by the technology used in various stages of the relevant building projects. It should be also noted that ZED philosophy couldn’t be understood without referring to its forms and implications in practice, i.e. in the context of buildings on which ZED building principles have been applied. For this reason, the presentation of the particular philosophy has been combined with the reference to construction projects, which have been based on the ZED building principles. An important example of this type is the eco-village BedZED; the buildings of this village have been constructed in such way, so that an important reduction of energy consumption is achieved. Indeed, in a report developed in 2009, i.e. seven years after the completion of the specific building project (in 2002), it was mentioned that the homeowners of the specific site consumed ‘45% lower electricty and 81% less hot water than the borough average’ (PeaBody Organization, UK, 2009, 4); it is also noted that the initial targets of the particular project, i.e. the limitation of the energy consumed by the homeowners and the following limitation of the pollution caused to the environment, have been both

The Global Industry Of Festivals And Events Tourism Essay

The Global Industry Of Festivals And Events Tourism Essay A global industry of festivals and events has grown and expanded since the 90s. Nowadays, festivals are recognized as one of the top growing types of leisure- and tourism related phenomena (Dimmock and Tiyce, 2001). As Mintel International Group (2006) suggests, festivals are forecasted to grow a total of 106% in the next five years period. South Australian Tourism Commission (1997, p. 2) suggests an easily understandable meaning of festival :Festivals are celebrations of something the local community wishes to share and which involves the public as participants in the experience. Festivals must have as a prime objective a maximum amount of people participation, which must be an experience that is different from, or broader than day to day living. Festivals, and more specifically, music Festival Organizations are increasing in number every year worldwide. According to Frey (1994), the provision of music festivals has developed based on a stable increase in disposable incomes, accomp anied by an increased amount of time offered for holidays. Furthermore, another feature that makes music Festivals so popular, is the fact that music Festivals form events which include a variety of activities associated with the music (Bowen and Daniels, 2005), unlike concerts which provide mainly live music performances, rather than various event attractions. One of the most popular music Festivals in Greece for the last six years is the Synch Festival. The Synch Festival was born in 2004 at Lavrio Technological Cultural Park, an ex industrial area of unique beauty, aimed at bringing the Greek and international audience, in touch with contemporary sounds and images. Music, arts and new technologies coexist in a two day festival. Keeping the pace with modernity Synch offers its audience the possibility to meet with some of the most interesting aspects of global culture. Synchs main course is music but despite its focus on the various aspects of the contemporary electronic scene Sy nch denies all kinds of borders and separations that lead to limiting or rigidifying musical expression. The musicians participating in the festival originate from different backgrounds and currents to share their ideas discouraging easy categorization creating musical hybrids that constantly evolve. An uncommonly open-minded curatorial sensibility, tapping everything from experiemental microsound to minimal house and banging techno to local outfits using rock, jazz, regional music and electronic elements. The Wire Its got the perfect balance of industrial setting, a diverse multimedia programm, cutting edge electronic acts and classic live acts. One to watch! Time Out London Falassi (1987) argues that the collective role of a festival is directly connected to values that a community looks upon as vital to its ideology, such as social identity, historical continuity, and physical survival. Additionally, according to Arcodia and Robb (2000), a festival develops around the marking of unique occasions and around the festivity of important events. Thus, according to Usyal, Gahan and Martin (1993) a festival may be considered as the cultural resources of an area that make realizable the successful hosting of festival attendees. The phenomenal growth, coupled with increased consumer awareness and choice, requires the industry to manage the sector effectively and efficiently to ensure sustained development and growth in the future (Yeoman, Robertson, Ali-knight , 2004, p. xix). Therefore, according to Arcodia and Whitford (2010) festivals are expanding worldwide as an increasing and lively sector of the tourism and leisure industry, which have major economic, so cio-cultural, and political impacts on the destination and on the host groups, if managed properly. All the way through history, festivals have taken the forms of cultural traditions or have marked religious or historical occasions linked to the community staging the festival (Arcodia Robb, 2000). According to Earls (1993) historically, the way festivals celebrated special occasions was through art, ritual, and festivity; they were seen as public meetings that make peoples joint wishes and dreams reality and offer a significant event for a unique experience in their lives. The basic origins of this type of communal celebration which has cultural importance to the host population (Pardy, 1991), can be traced back to the carnival of Europe. ( Arcodia, Whitford, 2010) The defining characteristic of a special event or festival is its transience (Gilbert and Lizotte , 1998, pp. 73). This suggests that it would be difficult to encourage and maintain the same sense of occasion and enthusiasm, if such an event was to be held more often. Goldblatt (1997) defines a festival as a special eve nt that recognizes a unique moment in time with ceremony and ritual to satisfy specific needs(Goldblatt, 1997, pp.33).According to Yeoman et al. (2004) the word festival derives from feast and means a time of celebration. Yeoman, et al. (2004) argue that the features of festivals and events are unique, thus no common model of management fits them all. These characteristics include intangibility , production, often taking place at the same time as consumption, and perishability (Yeoman et al., 2004, pp.xx). Festivals and events have diverse levels of operating costs and they fall into both the not- for -profit and profit- making categories. They can range from small-scale , locally based events, to large international festivals (Yeoman, et al, 2004). Previous studies on festival motivation(Uysal et al,1996, Nicholson and Pearce, 2001, Crompton and McKay, 1997) jointly demonstrate that the type of the festival is a significant predictor of motives. As a result, further exploration on various types of festivals should be conducted, in order to improve our understanding of the relationship between the kind of the festival and the visitor motives. A significant characteristic of a festival is the sense of community, belonging and celebration engendered by an event, which is a communal and free social meeting including a variety of media such as arts, performances and shows (Goldblatt, 1997). Cultural consumption is an intangible pleasure-seeking experience. The consumer experience in cultural products appears to have as its main elements the multisensorial, fantastic and emotional aspects of any consumer experience (Bourdeau, Paradis and Nyeck, 1997; Bourdeau, Decoster, Paradis; Hirschman and Holbrook, 1982). In other words, it can be perceived as a self-gratifying consumer experience with an experiential perspective (Hirschman and Holbrook, 1982). The intangible characteristics of attendance at a cultural festival make the event a consumer facility. According to Bourdeau et al.( ) more generally, it is a hedonistic experience in which consumers use their senses. It is only after this hedonistic experience, when they leave the festival site, that they develop feelings of satisfaction or dissatisfaction ( pp.1, in Bourdaeu, De coster Paradis,2001). Managers of a cultural scheme must supply an intangible, hedonistic experience but one that includes not only the basic service but peripheral services as well (Eiglier and Langeard, 1987). The basic service is the principal reason for attending. In the case of a music festival, it is the content of the event the live shows. Peripheral services are those surrounding the event such as festival information services. The intangible, hedonistic nature of a festival visit makes it difficult for managers to determine satisfaction levels among consumers. Swan and Combs (1976) have demonstrated empirically that when performance does not meet the consumers expectations, dissatisfaction results, and when performance does meet expectations, satisfaction results. Generally, the variance between expectations and performance correlates positively with feelings of satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Howard (1977, p. 57) defines satisf action, from an expectancy theory perspective, as the consumers mental state of being adequately or inadequately rewarded for the sacrifice he or she has undergone. The degree of adequacy results from comparing actual past experience with the reward that was expected from the brand in terms of its potential to satisfy motives served by its product class.} (Bourdeau, De Coster, Paradis, 2001) terasties allages One of the original service quality theories is that customers are satisfied when their judgment of the service they have received (perception) equals or exceeds what they expected: Customer Satisfaction (CS)= Perceptions(P) =Expectations. This is known as the gap analysis theory (Zeithalm et al., 1990) or Olivers expectancy disconfirmation(Oliver, 1997). Zeithaml et al. considered that the factors that influence customers formulation of their expectations are word of mouth , personal needs, external communications, and past experience. Johnson and Mathews (1997) noted that the expectations of a frequent user of a facility would rely more on the influence of past experiences than other sources of information(eg. Advertisements). Researchers have no way of knowing what a first-time users expectations are based upon. Dale (1994a) suggests that world class experiences are used to formulate expectations. Parasuraman et al. (1988) tried to set customer expectations in context by suggesting that they are what an organization should offer. (Williams and Buswell, , pp.63-64) (table , pp. 67) MOTIVATIONS : The success of a festival is heavily dependent on the implementation of a strategic marketing plan; an understanding of the relationship between a destination event and its visitors and the identification of target markets are critical factors in the process (Thomson and Schoefield, 2009). Festival organizers are likely to contend that their primary goal is to provide high quality, satisfying experiences that visitors perceive to be good value in order to increase the probability that the visitors will return in the future and/or recommend the festival to others in their social circle (Lee, Petrick and Crompton, 2007). Since competition among festivals and destinations is increasing, the need for information on festivals, specifically analysis of motivations for attending festivals and events (Getz, 1993), has become crucial. Actual attendance itself may be attributed to multiple motives or just a single motive. In order for the event organizers to manage to deliver a great experience, the event product definition is a vital step. The event product is a unique blend of activities, which are the tools for achieving the overall event aims and satisfying customer needs. Event design should be customer orientated , and event organizers should create a mix that satisfies the largest number of potential customers na to allaksw ( Salem, Jones, Morgan, 2004, in Yeoman). Getz in 1997 pointed out the importance of the definition of the event product , by arguing that (oxi quote na to allaksw) many events suffer from a product orientation that is , they try to sell their event with little or no regard for what potential customers need , want, and will pay for. Hall in 1992 identifies three important objectives of event marketing: (oxi quotes, na to allaksw) read their customer needs and motivations , develop products that meet these needs, and build a communication program which express the events pur pose and objectives. Individuals, participating as audience at a festival or special event wish to satisfy their curiosity about place and people. Often they want to do what locals do and hope the festival experience will give them entrà ©e to the ways of life of a particular place(Yeoman, 2004,pp.38). Participants wish to emerge from the event with experiences and stories to talk about back home. These people want to avoid unsafe situations , discomfort, doubts, worries, embarrassment, making too many complex decisions , or being treated as computer number and being made to feel a nuisance. It is a marketing truism that people do not buy products or services , they buy the expectation of benefits that satisfy a need. (oli I paragrafos Yeoman, Robertson, Ali-Knight, 2004) giauto na to allaksw) No matter what the reason is for hosting a festival or event , there is a wide range of customers , each with different expectations , and this will impact on the management processes considered for each individual festival or event. (Yeoman, et al.,2004, pp. xx) According to Grainger-Jones (1999, p.53) leisure is defined as the application of disposable time to an activity which is perceived by the individual as either beneficial or enjoyable. Motivations are a hypothetical construct to define the driving forces of human behavior (Kroeber et al, 2003) and explain why people do what they do instead of choosing an alternative option. . The personal motivational drives of individuals are filtered and redirected by the social circles of workmates, family and friends (Burch, 1969). Therefore, the motives to attend a festival could vary from entertainment, socialization or excitement, to escape , or even relaxation . Needless to say, event organizers might have misconception of their customers motivation. Wicks and Fesenmaier (1993) examined the perceptual gap on customer expectations between visitor and vendors, identifying those areas of the event that need improvement. The same analogy also has applicability to the identification of the motivation gap that may exist between attendees and festival and event providers. {As Fodness (1994) points out, the motivation represents the major driving power in explaining human behavior, although it is not the exclusive factor.}(fODNESS, 1994)na to allaksw. Lee and Lee (2001) concluded that segmenting festival markets through motivations enables event managers to identify the strengths and opportunities of each market and helps guarantee their satisfaction. In most situations where festival visitors are heterogeneous, segmenting these visitor groups and understanding their characteristics based on festival motivations will be a powerful marketing tool, that enables event managers to enhance and promote event features preferred and valued by target segments (Formica Uysal, 1996, 1998). Crompton and McKay (1997) contend that event managers should strive to better understand the motives of festival attendance in order to design better products and services for them and because motives are a precursor of satisfaction and a factor in decision making, this in turn can lead to greater attendance. Crompton and McKay (1997) studied visitor motivation within the festival content for the following reasons: (1) it allows matching the festivals program to visitors needs; (2) it helps safeguard visitor satisfaction by increasing the chance of meeting the visitors diverse needs; and (3) it warrants repeat visitation, which is essential for the viability of the festival. Oakes( 2003) further contends that information regarding motivations can also be used to lure sponsors who are key to event funding. Schoefield and Thomson (2007) also agree It is critically important to identify festival visitor motivations and to measure the performance of festivals from the consumer perspective. They suggest that from a planning and management perspective it is vital to determine visitor satisfaction and behavioral intention with respect to repeat visits and to help identify the factors which affect visitor motivation and their experiential outcomes. (apo Gelder, Robinson, 2009,) Bowen and Daniels (2005) state that understanding why people go to music festivals can help planners align their marketing efforts to emphasize the attributes that best reflect the mission and goals of each event . Nicholson and Pearce (2001) believe that these factors will become increasingly important as the growing number and diversity of events, especial ly festivals, lead to heightened competition , in particular when events are initiated or expanded to encourage tourism and thus boost local economies (Daniels, 2004). Apo Glastonbury pdf Getz (1993) also emphasized the importance of analyzing visitors motives for attending festivals and events. Identifying such motivations is a prerequisite for planning event programs effectively and marketing them to visitors (Crompton McKay, 1997). Analysis of festival motivations also helps event managers to better position their festivals (Scott, 1996). PURPOSES OF THE STUDY By understanding what drives and motivates participation, the festival management could probably gain better insight into a strategy to maintain attendees and to drew new ones to the festival (Van Zyl, 2006). The primary aim of the present research is therefore to fill the gap in previous research by determining what motivational factors push and pull visitors to attend the Synch Festival, held in Athens, Greece, and participate in it, and what are their expectations. Comparisons will also be made with the point of view of the manager of the organizing company. By understanding attendees motivations you can give the opportunity to the event organizers to tailor promotions and develop desired services. The research objectives are : To explore and review the literature relevant to the motivation and expectations of people attending leisure events, with particular emphasis on music festivals. To investigate what motivates people to attend the Synch Festival and their expectations of the event. To explore and review the ways in which the Synch Festival is managed and organized, and in particular , the degree to which (if at all) customer expectation and motivation is considered. To report the findings of my research and, where appropriate, make recommendations and suggestions to the event organizers , as well as fill the literature gap as far as the exploration of festival motivations at a national level, is concerned. To achieve this, the article is structured as follows: the literature review is followed by a description of the method of research, then a discussion of the results, a discussion of the findings and their implications and, finally, concluding remarks.

What the Women Want Essay -- Health Policy, Aboriginal Women

What the women want Research done by Browne & Fiske (2001) describes aboriginal women’s’ positive experiences with the health care system and interactions. For example, one woman stated that being able to be involved in her care and sharing information and knowledge led her to develop a rapport with her physician. She was given the time to ask questions and felt welcome. Caring gestures towards the patients also made the women feel as though they were important. Presencing themselves after shifts were over were described as going above and beyond by the women and they were appreciative while going through something emotionally distressing. The women also felt validated when their cultural healing practices were welcomed and discussed in conjunction with western medicine. Forming long term positive relationships with health care providers enhanced the women’s well being and overall health care experience. All of these testimonies of experiences narrowed the social gap between health care provider and patient. This enabled a healthy relationship in which trust and respect were mutually exchanged. Native Liaison Workers In a report done by Browne and Fiske (2008) entitled Paradoxes and Contradictions in Health Policy reform, women who participated in a study expressed the desire to have access to Native Liaison workers. More hospitals would benefit from adopting professional roles such as the Native Liaison worker. Native Liaison workers work to interpret, advocate and bridge the gaps between health care professionals and aboriginal patients. This role has been quite significant in maintaining cultural sensitivity amongst the power imbalances that may take place within health care settings. The Native Liaison workers help both th... ...post colonial concerns into praxis, pushing beyond culturalist approaches to policy† (Browne & Smye, 2002). According to Richardson, Williams, Finlay & Farell (2009) there are three concepts that can be used to incorporate cultural safety into their practice and these are: self recognition, situational assessment, and a solution focus. Nurses need to self reflect and identify their own cultural position and identify biases that may affect their daily practice. By undergoing this process, nurses can then identify what constitutes cultural risk. Next, by assessing each situation, potential outcomes can be foreseen that may or may not be culturally safe practice. Nurses who are solution focused can serve as role models for patients, colleagues and the community at large. Communication, reflection and leadership skills are essentials of culturally safe practice.

National Government Essay

National Government  is a concept referring to the coalition of the major political parties which were under Ramsay MacDonald,  Stanley Baldwin  and  Neville Chamberlain  they held office from 1931 until 1940. The  Wall Street Crash  was the start of Great Depression  and Britain was badly hit. The Government tried to achieve several different, contradictory objectives which where ones such as, trying to maintain Britain’s economic position by maintaining the  pound  on the  gold standard, balancing the  budget, and providing assistance and relief to tackle unemployment. In 1931 the situation worsened and there was fear that the budget was unbalanced, which was allowed by the independent  May Report  which triggered a confidence crisis. The  Labour Government  agreed to make changes in taxation and expenditure in order to balance the budget and restore confidence, but the  Cabinet  could not agree on the two options available which was either introduce  tariffs, or make 20% cuts in  unemployment benefit. A final vote was taken on the issue and the Cabinet was split 11:9 with a minority including many political heavyweights such as George Lansbury threatening to resign rather than agree. Due to this unworkable split, on 24 August 1931 the government resigned. Both the Conservative and Liberal parties met with  King George V  and MacDonald, first to discuss support for the measures taken but again to discuss the shape of the next government. On 24 August MacDonald agreed to form a National Government composed of â€Å"men from all parties† with the specific aim of balancing the Budget and restoring confidence. The Government was then meant to resolve once these aims had been met and a general election was to be held. The National Government had many problems during their time in office. One of the major problems they had was the impact of the depression was strong upon Britain. An economic problem they faced was that unemployment had risen to 3 million. During their time in office the unemployment level did drop but this was not due to the national Government it was due to new technology and industries, Rearmament started up in 1936 and there was a housing boom. The national government came up with many schemes such as closing competing factories i. e. cotton; shipbuilding this only increased the number of unemployed. The came up with the unemployment assistance act and the special areas act these worked to a certain extent as for certain areas it was too little too late for schemes like this. But it could not get rid of the intractable million who were people who came from staple industries such as coal, textiles, shipbuilding, iron and steel. These people where the ones who lived in places such as Jarrow where 1 in 10 men where in work. A social problem they faced was that as the impact of the Depression was hard on Britain, there was a large drop in living standards a cut in the amount of benefits people could collect and there was a means test to see if families where eligible for benefits. Which meant fewer families got the ‘dole’ and if they did get it they got a small amount which created the two nations in Britain. As places like Jarrow were one of the worst hit places while places like London and Bristol benefited from a lot of the changes such as they were the ones able to use the new technology and be hired into the new industries and they were one of the few who could afford to buy a new house in the housing boom. There were many hunger marches due to this; the most famous was the Jarrow crusade. This is where many unemployed marched all the way to London to speak to Baldwin about what he was going to do to help them but they were refused a seating which him all they arrived was tea and sympathy it is said. Another Problem faced by the National Government was the balancing of the budget. This was orthodox economics which means it is situation in financial planning where total revenues are equal to or greater than total expenses. This was successful to a limited extent as with all the cuts such as 20% off unemployment as well as having a means test allowing them to save enough money for them to get foreign loans. But only the south of England benefited from the money saved. Social problem occurred due to cuts in unemployment benefit was that there was a drop in benefits for unemployed which led to them having a lower standard of living. They came off the gold standard which made the exports (manufacturers goods) which where imports into other countries cheaper. They lowered interest rates, which helped small businesses, home owners and those in the south of England. Then public sector pay was cut by 10% but navy was not happy about this which caused trouble when the Invogadon navy mutinied. The National Government were successful to an extent but they were limited due to all the economic greatness helped those who were in the south of England and not those in the north which allowed the social deprivation to continue.

Business Example

Business Example Business – Article Example SWOT Analysis in Practice [ID Is SWOT analysis only used by MBAs in es, or is it actually useful for people in the field? Two SWOT papers done by companies in the field indicate it has independent utility.Skoda Auto Skoda Auto in the UK conducted a SWOT analysis to guide their strategy in the UK market. What was surprising was how helpful simple analysis of the marketplace was. For example: The fact that the UK car market is highly fragmented and competitive, a weakness, meant that brand distinction became far more important than actually changing the cars themselves. Similarly, their analysis that their customers generally liked driving a Skoda indicated that they needed to actually make no changes to the actual car. The most interesting element was that Skoda realized that other manufacturers focused on the car, despite nominal changes in performance, and that they should instead focus on the experience of the brand and intangible assets.Microsoft Hafner and Hibbert performed a SWO T analysis of Microsoft in 2001. Some of the conclusions were obvious: Linux and Macintosh were potential threats, Microsoft had been slow in coming to the Internet and had been beaten out by companies like Google, etc. But others were more interesting. For example: â€Å"Currency exchange rates affect demand for application/operation software and hardware, and fluctuating currencies can negatively impact revenues in the global marketplace†. Hafner and Hibbert point out that Microsoft had not done the management to protect against that kind of volatility. Conclusion SWOT in practice, then, can help companies do two things: 1) Catalog for the obvious that has thus far escaped attention or has simply been assumed and not been critically analyzed; 2) Perceive past the obvious to the non-trivial.Skoda Autos. â€Å"SWOT Analysis in Action†. Times 100. 2008. Web. Retrieved from: thetimes100.co.uk/downloads/skoda/skoda_13_full.pdf . Accessed 1/9/2011. Last changed 2008.Hafn er, Arthur W. and Hibbert, Erica L. â€Å"SWOT Analysis: Microsoft Corporation†. Ball State University.

Definition of Fugitive Slave Act

Definition of Fugitive Slave Act The Fugitive Slave Act, which became law as part of the Compromise of 1850, was one of the most controversial pieces of legislation in American history. It was not the first law to deal with fugitive slaves, but it was the most extreme, and its passage generated intense feelings on both sides of the issue of slavery. To supporters of slavery in the South, a tough law mandating the hunting, capture, and return of fugitive slaves was long overdue. Feeling in the South had been that northerners traditionally scoffed at the matter  of fugitive slaves and often encouraged their escape. In the North, the implementation of the law brought the injustice of slavery home, making the issue impossible to ignore. Enforcement of the law would mean anyone in the North could be complicit in the horrors of slavery. The Fugitive Slave Act helped inspire a a highly influential work of American literature, the novel Uncle Toms Cabin.  The book, which depicted how Americans of various regions dealt with the law, became extremely popular, as families would read it aloud in their homes. In the North, the novel brought difficult moral issues raised by the Fugitive Slave Act into the parlors of ordinary American families. Earlier Fugitive Slave Laws The 1850 Fugitive Slave Act was ultimately based on the U.S. Constitution. In Article IV, Section 2, the Constitution contained the following language (which was eventually eliminated by the ratification of the 13th Amendment): No Person held to Service or  Labour  in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or  Labour, But shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or  Labour  may be due. Though the drafters of the Constitution carefully avoided direct mention of slavery, that passage clearly meant that slaves who escaped into another state would not be free and would be returned. In some northern states where slavery was already on the way to being outlawed, there was a fear that free blacks would be seized and carried off into slavery. The governor of Pennsylvania asked President George Washington for clarification of the fugitive slave language in the Constitution, and Washington asked Congress to legislate upon the subject. The result was the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793. However, the new law was not what the growing anti-slavery movement in the North would have wanted. The slave states in the South were able to put together a unified front in Congress, and obtained a law that provided a legal structure by which fugitive slaves would be returned to their owners. Yet the 1793 law proved to be weak. It was not widely enforced, partly because slave owners would have to bear the costs of having escaped slaves captured and returned. The Compromise of 1850 The need for a stronger law dealing with fugitive slaves became a steady demand of the slave state politicians in the South, especially in the 1840s, as the abolitionist movement gained momentum in the North. When new legislation concerning slavery became necessary when the United States gained new territory following the Mexican War, the issue of fugitive slaves came up. The combination of bills which became known as the Compromise of 1850  was intended to calm tensions over slavery, and it did essentially delay the Civil War by a decade. But one of its provisions was the new Fugitive Slave Law, which created a whole new set of problems. The new law was fairly complex, consisting of ten sections that laid out the terms by which escaped slaves could be pursued in the free states. The law essentially established that fugitive slaves were still subject to the laws of the state from which they had fled. The law also created a legal structure to oversee the capture and return of fugitive slaves. Prior to the 1850 law, a slave could be sent back to slavery by the order of a federal judge. But as federal judges were not common, it made the law hard to enforce. The new law created commissioners who would get to decide whether a fugitive slave captured on free soil would be returned to slavery. The commissioners were seen as essentially corrupt, as they would be paid a fee of $5.00 if they declared a fugitive free or $10.00 if they decided the person had to be returned to the slave states. Outrage As the federal government was now putting financial resources into the capture of slaves, many in the North saw the new law as essentially immoral. And the apparent corruption built into the law also raised the reasonable fear that free blacks in the North would be seized, accused of being fugitive slaves, and sent to slave states where they had never lived. The 1850 law, instead of reducing tensions over slavery, actually inflamed them. The author Harriet Beecher Stowe was inspired by the law to write Uncle Toms Cabin. In her landmark novel, the action does not only take place in the slave states, but also in the North, where the horrors of slavery were beginning to intrude. Resistance to the law created many incidents, some of them fairly notable. In 1851, a Maryland slave owner, seeking to use the law to gain the return of slaves, was shot dead in an incident in Pennsylvania. In 1854 a fugitive slave seized in Boston, Anthony Burns, was returned to slavery but not before mass protests sought to block the actions of federal troops. Activists of the  Underground Railroad  had been helping slaves escape to freedom in the North before the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act. And when the new law was enacted it made helping slaves a violation of federal law. Although the law was conceived as an effort to preserve the Union, citizens of southern states felt the law was not enforced vigorously, and that may have only intensified the desire of southern states to secede.

CST PROBLEM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CST PROBLEM - Essay Example According to UNWTO and UNICEF, it is a crime, and a violation of human and child rights for a tourist to engage in sexual relation to a minor. Therefore, the tourism industry needs to provide extensive education to all stakeholders in an effort to stop the child sex tourism and make a difference. The tourism industry should educate tourists, tour operators, hotel managers and other tourism components on how to mitigate and end sex trafficking. The stakeholders should be able to know how to identify the occurrence of any child sex trafficking and what to do to manage and diffuse the situation. Moreover, the governments should establish and implement regulation and rules in an effort to stop these vices and impose stiff penalties for those violating the rules. In this view, child exploitation in Thailand and Kenya can only be controlled by the presence of anti-child sex education and enforcement of rules by the government. In regard to this article, most girls participate in sex trafficking due to high levels of poverty. Therefore, the governments of the affected countries should focus on job creation for its citizens. With jobs in place, people will recover their lost morals and ethics, and cease from allowing their children to participate in this ordeal. Also, parents will be able to take female children to school rather than having them participate in sex trafficking to earn a living. A change can emerge with the way tourism is being conducted if these countries focus fully on developing the economy, create jobs for all its citizens and ensure families have the ability to cater for their families. Ample Another way to make a difference in these affected countries is to raise awareness of the ordeal. People need to know what goes on in the tourism industry. Lack of awareness among people facilitate and worsen the Child sex tourism. Awareness enables young girls and boys to grow knowing that having sexual relations with adults, foreigners or

Commandos by Pyros Studios. Website Planning Report Essay

Commandos by Pyros Studios. Website Planning Report - Essay Example This gaming website generally follows the same pattern as that of other gaming website of its kind, such as Call of Duty and World of Warcraft. However, the website will be distinguishable from its competitors through its logo, color palette, story line and characters that would be used as elements to improve brand positioning of the website and also the game. The primary target market for this website is the age group falling between 16 and 25 and comprises of mostly the male population. Commandos is strategy game based on the background of the World War II that mostly appeals to the young males. Demographic The Demographics that we would be discussing for this website is based on the primary target market, even though there are a large number of gamers that would be accessing the website who do not fall within the following mentioned demographics. Age The age group of gamers for this website is mostly teenagers and also gamers in the early twenties. People belonging to this age group generally are inspired by the use of flash in the website and observe the aesthetics of the website closely. Income Level and Employment Status The target market for this website is mostly unemployed teens that may be working odd jobs at minimum wages. The target market has the time to play games since they are not employed full-time and have spare time at hand. Thus, these gamers are affected by the price of the game and may not wish to invest heavily in the game. Sex Since Commandos is a strategy based war game, it appeals to the male target market that fulfills their ambition of fighting in the war through such games. Also the game has been aesthetically designed to appeal to the male population through the suitable use of